Hydraulic engine



2 Shefs-Sheet 1.

(NoMddeL) p P. B PERKINS. HYDRAULIG ENGINE. I

Patented Sept. 8,1885.

WITNESSES N PEYERS. PhmwLiihOgnplm. Wnhinghm. D. C,

2 She etsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

P..B. PERKINS. HYDRAULIC ENGINE. No; 325,965. Patented Sept. 1885.

PETIRS, mo-ulm m lwv. Wnhmgton. D. C

. UNITED, STATES PATE T QFFEE.

' PAULB. PERKINS, or NORTH? SPRINGFIELD, MISSOURI.

HYDRA ULIC ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 325,965, datedSeptember 8, 1885. Application filed May 11, 1885. (No model.)

T 0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PAUL B. PERKINS, of North Springfield, in the countyof Greene and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Hydraulic Engines; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in hydraulic engines.

The object is to provide means whereby an engine of any power may be setto run at different predetermined degrees of power andthe speed of theline-shaft be kept the same at all the different variations of power, afurther object being to maintain economy in the use of watercorresponding to the degree of its maximum power at which the engine isrun, and, further, to provide means for registering the number ofgallons of water used per minute at the several degrees of power and thetotal number of gallons used during the twenty-four hours.

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan View, partly insection, of an engine embodying my invention. Fig.2 is a View of thewater-inlet chamber, index, and cylinder in elevation, and Fig. 3 is aplan view of the power-regulator disk-valve.

The general construction of the engine is that of an ordinarysteam-engine. A is the cylinder in which the piston B works. 0 is therod connecting the piston-rod and crank-shaft D. E is the supporting orbed frame in which the shaft D is suitably journaled. F is thebalance-wheel secured on the shaft D, and G is the valve-rod secured toan eccentric, H, on the shaft D.

The valve I is of the ordinary sliding cut-off style, and works in anenlarged valve-chamber, K.

L represents the exhaust, and M the waterports.

To the side of the valve-chamber K is secured a water-inlet chamber, Nprovided with an opening, at, leading to the water-supply, andseparatedfrom the chamber K by a rotary disk, 0, and the cover of the chamber K.A single port, P, is formed through the cover of the chamber K, withwhicha series of perforations, 0 0, 8m, formed in the disk 0, registeras the disk is rotated. The areas of the cross-sections of theperforations 0'0 &c.,bear a certain predetermined ratio to thefull-sized opening 0, which corresponds in size to the po'rtP. Forexample, supposing the size of the opening o-be represented by unity,the sizes of the openings 0 o 0 may be represented by three-fourths,onehalf, and ouefourth, respectively.

The disk 0 is operated by means of a stem, Q, which is located in a box,q, passing through the chamber N, said stem being provided with alever-handle, R, at its outer end. The out side of the cap of thechamber N is provided with an index, consisting, preferably, of two ormore circular lines of figures or characters denoting the size of theopenings, as compared with the full opening, the number of horsepowercorresponding to the several openings,

the number of gallons of water used per minute, and the total number ofgallons used in twenty-four hours.

A small pointer attached to the handle R, as shown at r, is employed todenote the position the handle is to occupy for the use of the severalopenings. Thus, for example, when the handle is turned so as to bringthe pointer '1' over the line marked one-half, it signifies that theopening, which now registers with the port P, is one-half the size ofthe full opening 0, and the number of horse-power and gallons per minutelocated at this mark denote the horse-power of the engine when run atonehalt full power and the number of gallons of water discharged perminute when run at said power.

A cone of graduated pulleys, S s 8'8 820., is secured on theengine-shaft D, and acorresponding reversed cone of pulleys, T tt i, &c.is secured on the line-shaft D. The relative lengths of thecircumferences of each two corresponding pulleys, S T 8 ts tf s t, 800.,are such as to correspond with the different sizes of openings in thedisk 0, as follows: Suppose the full opening 0 be in use and the bandfor transmitting the motion of the engine-shaft to the line-shaft beplaced on the corresponding pulleys s f. If, now, it is desired to runthe engine at three-fourths of its full power, the handle B will beturned until the pointer 1' rests over the line marked three-fourths.The result is to cause three-fourths of the amount of water to enter thecylinder in a given length of time, and hence three-fourths of the fullnumber of strokes is obtained during the same time. This would naturallyreduce the speed of the line-shaft D; but by shifting the belt onto thecorresponding pulleys, st, the speed of the shaft D is increasedrelatively to the engine-shaft the same amount that the slowing of thestroke would naturally decrease it, and the speed of the shaft D is thusmaintained ata uniform rate. The successive pairs of p ulleys s t and ST serve, in like manner, to increase the speed of the lineshal't tocorrespond with the decrease in the power.

It is evident that slight changes might-be made in the form andarrangement of the several parts described without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention. Hence 'I do not wish to limit myselfstrictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with an engine,a valvecasing, and a valve locatedwithin said casing, of'a second valve-casing communicating with thefirst-mentioned casing by a single orifice and a valve located withinthe second valve casing for regulating the supply of motor-ii uid to thefirst-mentioned valve-casing, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with an engine and a valve for admitting themotor-fluid to the cylinder in amounts bearing predetermined ratios tothe full head, of cone-pulleys secured on the engine-shaft andcone-pulleys secured on the line-shaft in reverse position to thepulleys on the engine-shaft, whereby the speed of the line shaft ismaintained at auniform rate dur ing the variations of the power.

3. The combination, with a graduated valve for admitting the water tothe cylinder, of a cone of pulleys on the engine-shaft and a reversedcone of pulleys on the line-shaft,whereby the line-shaft is maintainedat a uniform speed during the variations of the power, sub stantially asset forth.

4-. The combination, with an engine, a valvechamber, and avalve locatedwithin said chamber, of an inlet-chamber secured to the valvechamber, aport connecting the two chambers, a rotary valve-disk provided withdifferent sized perforations adapted to register with said port, and alever for adjusting said disk.

5. The combination, with an engine, a valvecasing, and a valve, of asecond valveprovided with a series of differentsized openings, eachbearing a predetermined ratio to the full opening, an operating-lever,and a graduated scale or index located in convenient proximity to apointer on the operating-lever, substantially asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

PAUL PERKTNS.

Witnesses:

H. WALKER, CHAS. BROOKS.

